Understanding Time and Timelines

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  Time and Clock Formats

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  Important skills in the hospitality industry are:

  • understanding time.
  • reading digital and analogue clocks.

  Analogue clock

  • Has a dial (or clockface) and hands.
  • Short hand tells the hours.
  • Long hand tells the minutes.
  • There are 5 minutes between each number on the clock.

  Digital clock

  • Has no dials or hands.
  • Displays time in numbers.
  • Colon (:) separates the hours and minutes.
  • Last 2 digits tells how many minutes past the hour.

  Time facts

  • 60 minutes = 1 hour
  • 15 minutes = 1/4 hour
  • 30 minutes = 1/2 hour
  • 45 minutes = 3/4 hour

  24 hour clock

  • Tells number of hours and minutes since midnight.
  • Often used in hospitality.
  • Accepted format in many countries outside Australia.
  • Uses numbers 0 to 24.

  12 hour clock

  • Midnight to midday are the am hours.
  • Midday to midnight are the pm hours.
  • Uses numbers 1 to 12, then starts again 1 to 12.
  • Must add am or pm to the time.

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  Timetables

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  Timetables give:

  • guest flight arrival and departure times.
  • train and bus arrival and departure times.

  Time can be written in a:

  • 12 hour or 24 hour format.

  Time on an itinerary may need to be checked against actual time.

  A quick conversion from digital to analogue may be necessary.

  Timetables are a special type of diagram or chart.

  You need to be able to:

  • read grids.
  • read and interpret timetables.
  • understand time formats.

• Say It

  There are 2 parts in this section.

  1. The Glossary

  The glossary lists the more difficult words related to the topic in alphabetical order. The glossary also gives the meaning for each word.

  2. Look, Cover, Write, Check!

  This activity gives you practice at remembering and writing the words from the glossary.

• The Glossary

• Do It

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• Do It: Difference Between Digital and Analogue

  Being able to understand time and read digital and analogue clocks are important skills you need to know in the hospitality industry.

  An analogue clock is a clock with a dial (or clock face) and hands.
  A digital clock has no hands or dials. It displays the time in numbers.

  There are two major ways to show the time: "24 hour clock" or "12 hour clock".

  With the 24 Hour Clock the time is shown as how many hours and minutes since Midnight. After Midday (12 o'clock) is reached, the hours are then counted as 13, then 14 and so on.

  With the 12 Hour Clock (am/pm) the day is split into the hours running from Midnight to Midday (the am hours) and the other 12 hours running from Midday to Midnight (the pm hours). In the 12 hour clock the numbers go from 1 to 12 then start again from 1, 2, 3 and so on.

• Do It: Understanding Time (12 hour and 24 hour time)

  Being able to read timetables is also an important skill. It gives important and useful information such as guest flight arrival times and departures; train and bus arrival times and departures and much more.

  The times written in a timetable are usually given in both 12 hour and 24 hour times.

  The chart below shows the comparison between 12 hour and 24 hour time very clearly:

  12 Hour	12 midnight	1 a.m.	2 a.m.	3 a.m.	4 a.m.	5 a.m.	6 a.m.	7 a.m.	8 a.m.	9 a.m.	10 a.m.	11 a.m.
  24 Hour	00:00	01:00	02:00	03:00	04:00	05:00	06:00	07:00	08:00	09:00	10:00	11:00

  
  

  12 Hour	12 midday (or noon)	1 p.m.	2 p.m.	3 p.m.	4 p.m.	5 p.m.	6 p.m.	7 p.m.	8 p.m.	9 p.m.	10 p.m.	11 p.m.
  24 Hour	12:00	13:00	14:00	15:00	16:00	17:00	18:00	19:00	20:00	21:00	22:00	23:00

• Do It: Reading Timetables (Arrivals and Departures)

  Look at the timetable below. It provides information about different flight arrival and departures times.

  Use the timetable to answer the following multiple choice questions.

  Flight	Departure Time	Depart From	Arrival Time	Destination
  FL 467	09:45	Sydney	13:35	Darwin
  SA 112	09:35	Canberra	14:59	Alice Springs
  BA 007	10:40	Melbourne	13:10	Brisbane
  ZN 51	11:45	Darwin	15:30	Cairns
  AG 1	12:30	Adelaide	16:40	Hobart
  FL 23	12:50	Gold Coast	17:35	Perth

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